Advantages and Disadvantages of Indirect Rule | West ... Onwubiko (1973) . What were some of its consequences? Abdulrahman (2004,p.294) highlights some of the negative legacies of THE CONQUEST OF NIGERIA. Cheap nature of indirect rule. The English move into the land of the Igbo followed shortly thereafter, covering the period from 1889-1914. Leaving the Caliphate to control the north, the British colonizers built up the economic wealth in the south. The Negative Effects of Indirect Rule on Africans Indirect rule was a system of ruling Africans that sought not to displace African authority, but instead to rule through it. Disadvantages of Indirect Rule 1. The first military coup in Nigeria and its consequences The clear indications of the British interest in Nigeria came in 1851 . 1. British rule exacerbated differences of class, region, and community in Nigeria. Colonialism in Nigeria: positive and negative impacts ... It was systematically articulated for the first time by Lord Frederick Lugard, the British governor of Northern Nigeria, from 1900 to 1906 and Hong Kong, from 1907 to 1912. Effects Of Colonialism - British & French Colonial Rule. Although there were positive and negative effects, after almost 100 years under British rule, Indian culture and life style had drastically changed for the worse. The geographical area now known as Nigeria became a British colony in the 19th century and there is widespread consensus among scholars that the consequences of colonization on Nigeria have been unpalatable and a recipe for crisis (Dankofa,2008; Olaniyan & Alao,2003). What are the negative effects of colonial rule in Nigeria? Nigeria was colonized by Britain around the end of the 19th century well into the 20th century and this has had immense effects on the country. These include gun-wielding kidnappers and marauders. Abdulrahman (2004,p.294) highlights some of the negative legacies of Emancipated Nigerians returned from Freetown, the liberated slave colony in Sierra Leone, to join an educated elite in cities like Lagos and Abeokuta in the southwest. -This was a policy advanced by Fredrick Lugard, the British High Commissioner in the protectorate of Northern Nigeria from 1900 to 1906. With the production of these agricultural crops, new cash crops were introduced so . They taught them "The three Rs" which are how to read, write and do arithmetic. All these are the effects of colonial rule in Nigeria. The Nigerian state, as with other African countries, is trapped in a crisis of belonging. Indirect rule was the basic principle of British colonial administration which was first introduced in Nigeria by Lord Fredrick Lugard. Colonisation removed people from their land and made them landless. Indirect rule was a system of ruling Africans that sought not to displace African authority, but instead to rule through it. In the 1600s and 1700s, Europeans came to North America looking for religious freedom, economic opportunities, and political liberty. As a consequence, Nigerians became more educated, knowledgeable and skilled. 1890's: British political and military occupation of Nigeria. To the South include South Africa, Northern Rhodesia, Lesotho, Botswana, and Swaziland. The effects of British and French colonial rule in West Africa were similar.. British imperialism's legacy. Literary works such as the "White Man's Burden" by Rudyard Kipling, justified European actions in Africa by claiming that they were civilizing the natives. Moreover, this education raised awareness among the citizens. The effect of British Colonial was that on the one hand it changed the Traditions and Political Structures within the Area called Nigeria forever, on the other it dragged a feudal area into the . Their effects are still felt today in the form of conflicts among communities in a country, some have even led coups and even genocides, as it was experienced in Rwanda in 1994. By 1906 they had control over the entire country. Then there are corrupt and lawless politicians. -To Lugard, as summed up in his book, The Dual Mandate in the Tropical Africa (1922),"the resident acts as a sympathetic adviser to the. Abolition of Slave Trade The Abolition of Slave Trade Act was passed by Parliament in 1807. British influence in the Niger area increased gradually over the 19th century, but . local rulers were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisers on issues such as trade or missionary activity. Later, when the colonists won independence, these colonies became the 13 original states. Indirect rule was a system under which the British recognized the existing African political system and used it to rule over the colonies. Religion: colonialism has helped to spread religion especially the Christian religion. Explain the effects of the use of indirect rule by the British in Northern Nigeria. Answer (1 of 2): The British did not create Nigeria. 2. Bibliography. (i) Inadequate personnel: The British colonial administration did not have enough personnel to use direct administration. The indirect rule policy had both positive and negative effects on the political system. Reasons for Introducing Indirect Rule in Nigeria. Colonial Nigeria was ruled by the United Kingdom from the mid-nineteenth century until 1960 when Nigeria achieved independence. Alternation of land . Under British colonial rule, the diversity within each of Nigeria's major ethnic groups slowly decreased and distinctions between the Igbo and other large ethnic groups, such as the Hausa and the Yoruba, became sharper. British Trade in Nigeria The time period in which British Trade was only in Lagos and the Delta ports of Calabar, Brass, and Bonny. Britain annexed Lagos in 1861 and established the Oil River Protectorate in 1884. Introduction of a modern idea of government The rule of the military government lasted in Nigeria for 33 years. One of the major consequences of the 'indirect rule' by the British in Ghana, Kenya and South Africa was the establishment of traditional rulers in these countries who wanted to conserve culture and tradition. The nations that inhabit the globes oldest continent have been referred to in several forms, in reference to their development and governmental state; terms such as "under-developed . It was first used by the British and later adopted by other European powers after they witnessed its success. British rule in Nigeria was in the final analysis buttressed by force or by the threat of using it." . power structures to implement British rule, granting . Imperialism itself, although is sometimes meant to educate, is ultimately formed by an empire's selfish desire to rule land. It was pre-planned by the British and it was the logical and inevitable consequences of the Lagos bombardment in 1851. Britain's unwillingness to be involved financially. (2011). The British colonial agricultural and industrial policies in Nigeria have implications for the country's economic advancement. The Colonies Under British Rule. The Negative Effects of Indirect Rule on Africans Essay. 8 8. The key component in the case of colonial Nigeria is indirect rule. S ome of the negative effects of Britain's rule are that it caused a lot of Africans to lose money, homes and more. Imperialism In Britain. Apparently, the core reason for indirect rule in Nigeria was because of the cheap nature of the system. the finally analyses buttressed by force or by threat of using it". Lack of personnel. Loss of culture and identity When the colonialists took over the country's rule during the colonial era, the natives suffered a massive culture and identity loss. The effects of colonization were long lasting. Colonialism presented a number of impediments to th e . The British colonial authorities encouraged Nigerians to be involved in agriculture for the production of certain crops such as coffee, cotton, cocoa, rubber, groundnut, palm produce and hides & skin. Large size of the country. Post Colonial Nigeria. At the inception of colonial rule, there were 100 British officers for Northern Nigeria, which had a size of 828,796.195 square kilometers and population of 8,700,000. Reasons for Adoption of Indirect rule. The Impact of Colonialism on the Development of Management in . 19-31. Britain and France had the largest holdings of African land. 19 The Berlin Conference set up two adjacent British protectorates in the area . The arrival of British in Africa for colonization was met by strong forces that either resisted the rule while other accepted the rule partially. The British were the first to take over Nigeria after Vasco Da Gama discovered it and it is believed that they had adverse effects on the country. Due to a lack of adequate personnel, the British administration could not rule directly in Nigeria due to the vastness of the lands and the population of the people. This act taxed captains of slave ships for each slave they transported. Indirect rule policy of Ruling. 4. 1696 Words7 Pages. It dismantled the traditional authorities that opposed their actions. Annual Report, Northern Nigeria, 1901. In 1860, the British annexed Lagos as a Crown Colony. A fricans lost large tracts of land to the White settlers thereby straining relations between the two groups. (ii) Insufficient funds to run direct rule was another reason. Lack of personnel. Indirect administration as applied in northern nigeria; 8. The geographical area now known as Nigeria became a British colony in the 19th century and there is widespread consensus among scholars that the consequences of colonization on Nigeria have been unpalatable and a recipe for crisis (Dankofa,2008; Olaniyan & Alao,2003). As a matter of fact, the British missionaries introduced education to Nigeria at their arrival in 1842. British rule in Nigeria was in. Economically: Slave trade deprive the country of man power as native where sold as slaves in other colonies. What Britain Did To Nigeria: A Short History of Conquest and Rule, is a recent, readable book by Max Siollun. Fierce resistance by Africans. SOCIAL SCIENCE MODULE - 1 Impact of British Rule on India: Economic, Social and Cultural (1757-1857) India and the World through the Ages 106 Notes 5.2 METHODS OF COLONISATION IN INDIA Look at the map of Europe. It left behind a functional bureaucracy, a rudimentary educational system, albeit externally oriented. Perhaps the most striking observation is the British 'casual disregard for the consequences of enclosing so many different cultures within one state consequences of English rule-most significantly from within Britain and Nigeria and in recent years from behind the Iron Curtain. If peradventure, an insurrection should occur, the British may not have the manpower to suppress it. Date: circa 1909 - Rights Managed - 11677644 - Credit: Mary Evans / Grenville Collins P/SIPA. Answer (1 of 10): The negative effects of colonialism or colonisation are similar the world over and not limited to Africa only. They were led by Fredrick Luggard. Indirect rule was the basic principle of British colonial administration which was first introduced in Nigeria by Lord Fredrick Lugard. In this way, we build on Lee and Schultz's (2012) research design, replicating and . asked Aug 2 in History Form 3 by anonymous. This volume analyzes discourses on British colonialism constructed by Muslims of northern Nigeria c. 1903-1945. Reduction in the possibility of rebellion. Their antagonists focus attention instead on alleged alloca- Two major factors laid the foundations of British rule and the eventual establishment of a colony on the Gold Coast: British reaction to the Asante wars and the resulting instability and disruption of trade, and Britain's increasing preoccupation with the . Politically: Dependence of the country to the Great Britain in governance.. positively Nigeria later adopted a more organized way of governance with peace treaties. Lack of finance. The Negative Effects of Indirect Rule on Africans. Nigeria became a British territorial dominion in 1901. it interfered with people's economic systems and foreign systems forced down their throats. [93] Colonial rule drastically transformed Igbo society as seen in the book Things Fall Apart. Skewed Development; Development in the colonial territories was generally skewed in favour of British and French interests. use it to arbitrate between the effects of direct and indirect rule, holding constant the postcolonial state. British rule met less resistance where indirect rule was applied compared other colonial masters. Large size of the country. ( Traditional Medicine Practitioners) Traditions Many traditions were stopped with colonialization. native chief, on matters of general . Positive effects of British rule in Nigeria While widely viewed in a negative light, colonialism did have some positive impacts. Colonialism and the Process of Underdevelopment in Nigeria. At first Britain was interested by the economy of India in the 1600s, so, the British East India Company set up trading posts at Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. social, political, educational and other institutions that support the class structure of society (Wikipedia, 2009). (iii) Existing organized political-administrative system in place encouraged the adoption of indirect rule. The colonial period proper in Nigeria lasted from 1900 to 1960, after which Nigeria gained its independence. In todays world, the African subcontinent is seen as a continent in transition towards democracy and development. Language barrier. Resources where exported out of Nigeria for the benefit of the British. Nice work! These actions resulted in the depletion of many African resources. 0 votes . Fierce resistance by Africans. The need for raw materials forced Britain to extend her powers to most countries in Africa such as Uganda, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Somalia (Peterson 537). A very good example of where such situation has caused many changes is Nigeria. A look at the balance sheet of colonial rule in Nigeria shows that it left more negative heritages than positive ones. (Answered) Explain the effects of the use of indirect rule by the British in Northern Nigeria.. Posted On:Fri 3, September 2021 13:12:35 pm In the aftermath of disillusionment caused by the wholesale change and reform instigated by British missionaries, the Great Mutiny of 1857, also known by the British as the Sepoy Mutiny and by the Indians as the _____, broke out among the East India Company's Sepoy troops and swiftly turned into a civil war as pro- and anti-British Indian forces clashed across Northern India. Explain the effects of British rule in Zimbabwe. Reasons for the use of indirect rule by the british in northern nigeria; 7. Ivory Coast, Gambia, South Cameroon, and Sierra Leone; East Africa countries include Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. colonial economy in Nigeria, effects of colonialism in Nigeria, factors that led to the british conquest of Nigeria, nigeria resistance to colonial rule, nigerian colonial . It departs from the conventional wisdom on British colonial policy of indirect rule and its "benign" consequences. Traditions that involve the killing of people for rituals and sacrifices were abolished. The effects of colonialism in Nigeria include the following: 1. Nigeria first came into contact with British rule as early as 1807 and continued to have colonial ties with the European power up until the African nation gained independence on October 1st, 1960. This was because the colonial masters had bestowed on them more powers than would otherwise have been accorded them under their tradition. …show more content… (1979). They spearhead a structure of police and military brutality, poor healthcare, abuse of power,. The emergent nationalist movement in the 19300s was spearheaded by a new elite of business people and professionals and promoted mainly by persons who expected to gain economically and politically from independence. The Negative Effects of Indirect Rule on Africans . It was first used by the British and later adopted by other European powers after they witnessed its success. Nigeria was colonized by Britain around the end of the 19th century well into the 20th century and this has had immense effects on the country. (Chapter 20). Indirect rule was a system of ruling Africans that sought not to displace African authority, but instead to rule through it. Direct rule was a system where the Europeans/the British entrenched themselves in the direct administration of their colonies. It also influence s the. Direct rule was a system where the Europeans/the British entrenched themselves in the direct administration of their colonies. Language barrier. By the late 19th century, the British, through conquest or purchase, occupied most of the forts along the coast. Preservation of traditional institutions. Preservation of traditional institutions. Problems associated with indirect rule as a system of government used by the british; 10. world history chapter 6. is the policy of one country's political, economic, or cultural domination over other lands and territories. Introduction of forced labour as the White settlers required cheap labour in their farms. answered Aug 24 by anony mous. In the short run, the indirect rule increased the power and authority of traditional rulers. Why indirect rule applied in southern nigeria was not successful; 9. Explain six effects of the British direct rule in Zimbabwe. Nigerian-Biafran Civil War Imposing of coercive and repression state rule by the colonialists completely destroyed the system of leadership that existed there before. Web. My thesis is, for a country to impose her . In reality, the bankrupt character of Nigerian capitalism is inextricably linked to Nigeria's exploitation by the world's strongest capitalist countries both today and historically. 5. Below are some of the consequences of the 1966 coup Nigeria is still affected. And, in 1914, northern and southern Nigeria were united for administrative purposes into a single British colony. Some of the traditional rulers were killed as result of colonialism. Nigeria. 7 7. Lagos was invaded by British forces in 1851 and formally annexed in 1861. Thus, the basic infrastructures such as roads, railways, ports . Here is a look at the positive and negative effects of the British colonial rule in Nigeria. Effects of indirect rule on african communities; 11. Journal of Asian and African Studies. 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